An AV-MV negotiation method based on synchronous prompt information on a multi-vehicle bottleneck road

verfasst von

Yang Li, Hao Cheng, Zhe Zeng, Barbara Deml, Hailong Liu

Abstract

Bottleneck roads with narrowed width often only allow one vehicle to pass at once. In this situation, human drivers need to negotiate their right-of-way via, e.g., hand gestures and eye contact. However, when a human-driven vehicle (MV) confronts a driver-less automated vehicle (AV), explicit communication between drivers is no longer possible. External human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs may facilitate communication in unobscured situations, but MV-drivers can fail to perceive the eHMI information on the AV with other vehicles in front of the AV, blocking the MV's view. Even if the visibility is not impaired, AV broadcast communications do not target on specific receivers, it is not unlikely that other vehicles may wrongly perceive this information. Instead, an internal human–machine interface (iHMI) can uni-cast the AV intention to MVs since the information on iHMIs is direct to MV-drivers and visible in visibility-blocked situations. However, iHMIs require vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology, and the conveyed information might not be highly trusted as the information is transmitted to MVs rather than being seen directly from AVs. Therefore, this paper proposes a synchronous iHMI+eHMI method for a more unambiguous communication in this multi-vehicle bottleneck road situation. The designed iHMI+eHMI is compared with the baseline i. e., without HMI, iHMI, and eHMI in a video-based driving simulation by subjective evaluations from structured questionnaires. The results (N=24) indicate that HMIs (iHMI, eHMI, and iHMI+eHMI) are more helpful than vehicles without any HMI for the AV-MV communication, and iHMI+eHMI achieves the best performance when the views of MV-drivers are obscured.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Institut für Kartographie und Geoinformatik

Externe Organisation(en)

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Universität Ulm
Nara Institute of Science and Technology

Typ

Artikel

Journal

Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Band

20

Publikationsdatum

07.2023

Publikationsstatus

Veröffentlicht

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Tief- und Ingenieurbau, Geografie, Planung und Entwicklung, Fahrzeugbau, Verkehr, Umweltwissenschaften (insg.), Urban studies, Managementlehre und Operations Resarch

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

SDG 11 – Nachhaltige Städte und Gemeinschaften

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2023.100845 (Zugang: Offen)